扬·施密特

　　The 2-part feature-length documentary "25 ze šedesátých aneb Československá nová vlna" ("25 from the Sixties, or Czechoslovak New Wave") presents a complex view of the phenomenon of Czech and Slovak New Wave in the cultural and social context of the 60's. 25 fundamental films commented on by their makers and film historians offer the viewer a dramatic insight into the golden era of Czechoslovak cinema.　　The documentary is a follow-up on the biographical TV series "Zlatá šedesátá" (Czech Television, 2009), based on the filmmakers' personal remembrances. As opposed to the series, the documentary presents the Czech and Slovak cinema of the 60's in the national, international and also inter-generational context. It describes the ways the New Wave crossed the existing artistic boundaries, how it variegated the world cinema and where it left an ineffaceable impression. It analyses the work of filmmakers in a state-funded cinema, under the pressure of ideological demands on one hand and commer我在公交车上ce on the other. It presents the dilemma of a man - an artist - on the edge between contradictory social systems and incongruous aesthetic requirements. The existential drama of a man acting freely and at the same time mercilessly crushed by the wheels of the system.　　The 60's are, from this point of view, mostly an era of fortunate historical constellation, not only in - at that time - Czechoslovakia, but on a world-wide scale. An era of expectations and upswing, but also an era of exemplary human decisions and artistic pursuit. Those are some of the things "25 ze šedesátých aneb Československá nová vlna" wants to commemorate.　　Part 1 comments on:　　■"Slnko v sieti" ("The Sun in a Net," 1962) by Štefan Uher　　■"Konkurs" ("Audition," 1963) by Miloš Forman　　■"Křik" ("The Cry," 1963) by Jaromil Jireš　　■"Postava k podpírání" ("Joseph Kilian," 1963) by Pavel Juráček & Jan Schmidt　　■"Každý den odvahu" ("Courage for Every Day," 1964) by Evald Schorm　　■"Démanty noci" ("Diamonds of the Night,&亚瑟2021入口amp;quot; 1964) by Jan Němec　　■"Intimní osvětlení" ("Intimate Lighting," 1966) by Ivan Passer　　■"Ať žije republika" ("Long Live the Republic," 1965) by Karel Kachyňa　　■"Obchod na korze" ("The Shop on Main Street," 1965) by Ján Kadár & Elmar Klos　　■"Romance pro křídlovku" ("Romance for Bugle," 1966) by Otakar Vávra　　■"Sedmikrásky" ("Daisies," 1966) by Věra Chytilová　　■"Ostře sledované vlaky" ("Closely Watched Trains," 1966) by Jiří Menzel　　Part 2 comments on:　　■"Kristove roky" ("The Prime of Life," 1967) by Juraj Jakubisko　　■"Stud" ("Shame," 1967) by Ladislav Helge　　■"Svatba jako řemen" ("A Hard and Fast Marriage," 1967) by Jiří Krejčík　　■"Drak sa vracia" ("Dragon's Return," 1967) by Eduard Grečner　　■"Marketa Lazarová" ("Marketa Lazarová," 1967) by František Vláčil　　■"Spřízněni volbou" ("Elective Affinities," 1968) by Karel Vachek　　■"Spalovač mrtvol" ("The Cremator," 1968) by Juraj Herz　　■"Zabitá neděle" ("Squandered Sunday," 1969) by Drahomíra Vihanová　　■"Pasťák" ("The Decoy," 1968) by Hynek Bočan　　■"Případ pro začínajícího kata" ("Case for a Rookie Hangman," 1969) by Pavel Juráček　　■"322" ("322," 1969) by Dušan Hanák　　■"Slávnosť v botanickej záhrade" ("Celebration in the Botanical Garden," 1969) by Elo Havetta　　■"Všichni dobří rodáci" ("All My Good Countrymen," 1968) by Vojtěch Jasný

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　　◎简　　介　　1976年戛纳正式竞赛片,想象力令世人震惊.　　帕维尔.祖拉契克,捷克新浪潮电影运动中的天才导演,被誉为"捷克新浪潮电影革命中真正的灵魂",做为整个东欧电影新生运动中最独特的剧作家之一,他创作了好几部在捷克东欧电影史上占有重要地位的影片.　　黑白电影“The End of August at the Hotel Ozone”出品于1967年。它是编剧Pavel Juracek和导演Jan Schmidt合作的第二部作品，这两人是可以代表上世纪60年代捷克电影新浪潮流派的两位天才。　　在当时的东欧，一些有政治报复的电影人希望通过银幕来唤醒人们对极权的认知和反抗，但囿于体制壁垒难以使用现实主义体裁，于是拍出了大量科幻、童话、象征或神秘主义电影。Juracek和Schmidt正是属于这一阵营。　　故事开始于一场几乎毁掉全人类的战争之后，山野里出现由一个老妇带领的八个年轻姑娘，她们一路跋涉，寻找食物和或许还活着的男人，希望成为“新世界之母”。　　当时东西方核储备竞争造成的末世恐慌是这云南虫谷免费观看部电影想当然的象征物，却不像其它多数末世电影般先给出一片荒土和废墟的影像，并将角色披上盔甲、戴上面罩，塑造得如机器人一般——在“The End of August at the Hotel Ozone”里，大地一片盎然生机，植物在疯长，到处都是动物，片中的八位姑娘个个也健康丰满、强壮矫健。她们就这样生活在饱和到几乎溢出来的自然之中，只是见不到人，祖先留给她们的是枪弹、炸药和汽油。　　影片强调她们是因懂事前就脱离了社会与文明，于是不再具备某些被公认的“人性”。片中有一些很残酷的镜头——动物保护主义者一定难以忍受——譬如像一群狼一样把一头奶牛剖开、用枪托砸碎一只张馨予 非诚勿扰一直渴望跟随她们的狗的脑袋等等。经历过文明的老妇教会她们怎样使用语言、文字、杯子和枪，但没有办法使她们成为文明人，因为她们失去了社会。　　影片后半部里他们遇到了一个孤独活在农场里的老人，从他那里见识了诸多文明的遗迹，譬如一台再也放不出的电视、一张旧报纸和一架械动留声机，她们只对留声机感兴趣——这里电影似乎在暗示：音乐与文明之间并非有必然的联系。　　最终老妇因病去世，姑娘们冷漠地准备抛下农场老人离开，并要带走那架动留声机，老人豁然明白她们不懂感恩、毫无人情，他被姑娘们枪杀了。　　电影里有太多的象征与隐喻，每个人都可以给出自己的解释。另外，其黑白影像细节锐利而构图绝妙，从远景到人物脸部特写的镜头切换干净果断、了无痕迹。无论从内涵还是美学来估判，这都是部深刻的经典之作。　　其实，上文中提到的那些极权下勇于政治干涉的电影人，他们中的一些在革命者和艺术家两种角色之间终于晃晕了脑袋。本来，他们是不得不用一些象征、意象、解构的方式来呈现其主题，结果主题却被形式颠覆了，他们的后期作品成为了干脆的试验影像，尽管依旧精妙，却已是空中楼阁。